Electric heating system.



W. S. HADAWAY, JR.

ELECTRIC HEATING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED SEPT-1. 1911.

14,42,771 Patnted J ne 8, 1915.

WILLIAM S. HADAWAY, JR, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

ELECTRIC HEATING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 8, 1915.

Application filed September 7, 1911. Serial No. 648,060.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I WVILLIAM S. HADAWAY, Jr.,a citizen of the United States, residing I at New York, in the county ofNew York and State 'of New ork, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Electric Heating' Systems, of which the followin is afull, clear. concise, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to electric heating systems.

It has among its objects to provide an improved electric heatingsystem,'wherein the heating elements transmits its heat to an objectwhich has the capacity of absorbingand storing the heat and which inturn transmits it to the object or thing to be heated.

It further has among its objects to provide an electric heating systemwhich is particularly adapted to use in connection with heating massesof concrete or tile, such as are used in modern building construction,this material being utilized as a part of the heat-' ing. means.

Other objects and advantages of my improved system willhereinafterappear.

In accordance with a preferred form of my invention, Iso place a heatingconductor within thewalls, of a building of concrete, tile -or bthersimilar construction, that the heat generated by the conductor iscommunicated to the surfaces of the inclosing material or conducteddirectly to this material, by which it is absorbed and transmitted toeither the atmosphere or an object to warm the same. v

In the accompanying drawings, I have for purposes of illustration shownone form which my invention may assume in practice. invention is not,however, limited to this specific form, but may assume other forms.

In the view of these drawings: Figure 1 shows a sectional view of thisform of my invention. Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of one form ofheating conductor which may be used.

I ha e illustrated my invention as applied to a section of the wall of abuilding. It is obvious that this wall may be made of any desiredconstruction, the particular construction shown being for purposes ofillustration only.

In a preferred form, my invention is especially adapted for use inconnection with bu ldings wherein the walls or partitions are made up oftile or similar hollow construction. My invention is not, howeverlimited to use in connection with such con- 50 'structions .but may beused withconstructions wherein the walls are of a brick or otherconstruction.

In 1, ,a ,tile. construction has beerf shown, thetiles being indicatedby the nu- 5 meral 1,, and having openings extending through the samelongitudinally. Within these openings are placed electric conductors 2,which may be of bare wire. In a pre ferred form these wires are formedof la resistance material. If desired, I may form them. of a highresistance alloy such. as nickel-chromium or copper-nickel. Theseconductors are arranged in any desired man; ner within the openings inthe tile.

In Fig. 1, I have shown one wire in each, opening, but it is of courseobvious that the wire may be bent in any desired shape, and that anydesired number of wires may be placed in these openings and arran ed .inany. desirable circuits. Further, if esired,, the wires may beeliectually insulated from each other, as by any suitable insulatingcomposition 3, such as cOncreteQcementor a silica-alumina compound, andthe'wires may be held in any suitable position in thetile by means of aninsulating compound. v

When current is supplied tothe wires 2, the heat generated by'thepassage of the 'cur rent through the wire is radiated from't he wire tothose portions of the tile which are not in immediate contact with thewire. The effect of this radiation is to heat the i space within thetile and to transmit this tact with it, such as for instance, theplaster or sizing which forms the inner surface of the walls of abuilding and will be transmitted through the same to the atmosphere whenthe atmosphere is at a lower temperature than the wall. Thus it is seenthat myv invention may be adapted to use as a heating means for therooms. of buildings, the wires being laid in the walls through the maybe equalized, so that the central station may be producing its maximumoutput throughout the twenty-four hours of the day. The heat which istransmitted from the conducto' through the walls of the building Will eabsorbed by the same, and when the temperature of the room is above thetemperature of the walls this heat will not be transmitted to the roombut will be stored in the wall, from which it will be dissipated to theroom when the temperature of the latter falls below the temperature ofthe walls. Thus, it is possible to have the walls of the room serve as alow temperature heat reservoir which tend to maintain the temperature ofa room at a certain temperature.

In Fig. 2, I have illustrated a sectional view of a heating conductorwhich may be readily used with my improved system of heating. Thisconductor itself forms the subject matter of my co-pending application,Serial Number 647,689 filed September 5, 1911. As therein described,this conductor consists of a core 5, of conducting material, preferablyof the nature of high resistance material, which'is surrounded by acoating 6 of insulating material, of a heat absorptive character,adapted to take the heat away from the conductor rapidly. A casing 7,surrounds the insulating coating. This casing is preferably formed of ahigh resistance material, and is one which has the property of readilyradiating the heat transany desired length of this conductor in itselfforms a complete heatingunit. It is obvious that this conductor may belaid wherever any conductor may be used, and that it may be placedbetween the walls of a building in the same manner as the uninsulatedconductor 2, heretofore described.

While I have in this applicationdescribed my invention specifically I donot wish to be limited to the specific adaptation chosen for thepurposes of illustration but wish rather to cover all of the forms of myinvention falling within the scope of the patent claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is asfollows: I

1. An electric heating means for buildings comprising a wall of heatabsorptive hollow tile construction having a plurality of openingstherein, electric heating conductors disposed in said openings adjacentthe walls thereof and acting as heating mediums to dissipate heat insaid openings and to, said tiles whereby said wall *acts as a'lowtemperature heat reservoir for distributing heat slowly and evenly byradiation.

2. The method .of heating buildings 'of hollow heat absorptive. tileconstruction which consists in passing electric heating conductorsthrough openings in the tiles and supplying current to said conductors,said conductors acting as a heating means for the.

tiles and the latter acting as a low temperature heat reservoir fordistributing the heat to the building.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto 5ub scribed my name in the presenceof two witnesses.

WILLIAM S.- HADAWAY, Jn.

Witnesses:

A. B. HUBBELL, EDWIN N. Inom'roo'r.

